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General Communication Inverter Beam Pumping Unit Control System

: This article introduces the converter equipment in one of the important oil fields - beam pumping unit application of energy saving, through analysis of equipment and technology on energy saving and improve the technological level are illustrated, and rehabilitation programs and applications should be noted a brief description of the problem.

  Key words: AC variable frequency inverter technology to preach to stroke beam pumping unit

Introduction Oil fields in China for the low permeability of the low-energy, low-yielding fields, unlike in the Middle East oil, as has a strong ability to self-injection, most of the oil depends on injection pressure of oil into the well, and then by pumping the oil raise up from the stratum. Water oil change to electric oil change is the reality of China's oil, electricity, oil production in China accounts for a large proportion of the cost. Therefore, the oil industry attaches great importance to save energy.

Oil in China, the overwhelming majority of oil well machinery, including rod pumping (with rod pumping wells) of the total oil production of 90%. National oil production by more than 70% of rod pumping unit to complete. Its Energy consumption Accounted for one third of oil consumption. National annual consumption of about 4.2 billion yuan. As a result of oil each year thousands of new wells should be put into production, together with the original equipment renewal, every year thousands of new pumping station. Pumping oil in our country have an important role.

Currently used in oil field pumping equipment to the most common beam pumping unit, the numbers are up. In 2003, Shengli Oilfield, oil production plant with a common transmission frequency converter on the pumping efficiency of the implementation of transformation of oil pump significantly increased the daily average by 2 tons of oil, Saving Rate of 30%, following a brief introduction and operation of the principle of energy saving program.

Beam pumping unit works Its operation principle is the exchange Electric motor Constant speed pump running drag along the direction of gravity reciprocating motion, thus bringing the crude oil from several hundred to several thousand meters of underground pumped ground. Analyze the load characteristics of known its large inertia, and viscosity of oil the size of the different and very different, when oil viscosity is high, the pump efficiency goes low, often very difficult start. The load is the load cycle, up, down load nature of the trip is also different, with a potential load down the nature of fashion. To meet these complex conditions, pumping configuration and the actual working conditions are often only large horse-drawn cart. Beam pumping unit repeatedly up and down movement as the upgrading of a stroke to upgrade once its power from the motor driven by two very large steel weight of the slider, when the slider promoted, similar to the leverage, the oil extraction machine lever to send into the wells; slider down, the oil bar made with oil to the well, as motor rotational speed, slide down the process, reduce the load, the energy generated by motor drag the load can not be attracted, will try to find the channels of energy consumption, resulting in Motor access to renewable power generation state, the excess energy back to the grid, causing the main circuit bus voltage increases, bound to have an impact throughout the network, resulting in lower quality power supply, power factor reduce the risk; frequent high-voltage shock may damage the motor, production efficiency caused by reduced amount of maintenance to increase, very conducive to energy saving pumping equipment, causing large economic losses to the enterprise. Beam pumping unit into two major quality steel slide, resulting in pumping of the impact of large, and many other problems start.

Addition to the above two issues, the special geographical environment of oilfield production equipment determines that the operation has its unique characteristics: large reservoir in the early exploration wells for liquid enough, can be used to improve the effectiveness of frequency run, to ensure high oil production; in the later stages, reduction of oil reserves, is frequently inadequate for the solution, if the motor frequency is still running, will inevitably waste of energy, resulting in unnecessary loss, time to consider the actual work, appropriate to reduce the motor speed, to reduce stroke, effectively improve the filling rate.

Currently, beam pumping unit of the AC frequency control technology for the following two main advantages:

(1) to improve power quality, reduce the impact on the grid. This is mainly concentrated in the electricity supply business requires high quality network in order to avoid a decline in power quality, frequency control should be introduced, its main purpose is to reduce the pumping power of the work processes.

(2) energy conservation. On the one hand, a large oil field pumping unit to overcome the starting torque motors used in power much greater than actually needed, utilization of operation, the motor is generally 20% to 30%, the highest will not exceed 50%, often at a light motor load conditions, resulting in waste of resources. On the other hand, the continuous changes in the work of pumping depends on the state of ground, if the frequency is always running, will result in energy wastage. To Energy, to improve motor efficiency, need for conversion transformation.

The implementation of energy saving program

(A), a simple spin-down approach: direct installation of frequency converter and motor is running down, reduce Motor Rotational speed, increasing the time for each stroke, to save energy. Practical applications to achieve 15% -30% of the energy-saving effect.

(B), changes in stroke way: through the measured water well condition and the ratio of beam pumping unit according to the operation characteristics of stroke in the fall of each set to different frequencies and upgrade at any time to adjust motor speed, slow down fast rod upgrade, not only to achieve energy-saving effect, and can effectively adjust the oil-water ratio, to increase production. Practical applications of nearly 40 after transformation beam pumping unit field test, run-time than the average frequency of 38% saving, if the re-calculating the oil production increased, overall efficiency is very impressive.

Easy practical application problems and solutions

Process in practice there were many problems, mainly concentrated in the beam pumping unit power handling of state for energy. For the first case, the ordinary inverter plus braking unit can be more easily achieved, which is more than the cost of electricity to the main grid for power generation can cause feedback. In the absence of inverter, the motor is electric state, the absorption of power from the grid; motor in generator mode, the release energy, power grid direct feedback, not a drain on the local device. Overall performance for the pumping of low power factor power supply system, a greater impact on power quality. However, the use of conventional transducers, the situation had changed. General inverter input is a diode rectifier, energy can not flow the opposite direction. This part of the energy does not flow back into the

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