Capacitance Inductance
2009
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Capacitance Inductance
What are Tranducers
Transducer play an important role in the field of instrumentation and control engineering. Any energy in a process should be converted from one form into another form to make the communication from one rectification sector to another.
It is a device which converts one form of energy into another form i.e. the given non-electrical energy is converted into an electrical energy.
Types of transducer:
There are two types of transducers, they are:
* Active transducers
* Passive transducers
Active transducers:
Active transducer is a device which converts the given non-electrical energy into electrical energy by itself. Thermocouple, Photovoltaic cell and more are the best examples of the transducers
Passive transducers:
Passive transducer is a device which converts the given non-electrical energy into electrical energy by external force. Resistance strain gauge, Differential Transformer are the examples for the Passive transducers.
The classification of transducers are made o the following basis:
Classification of transducer:
1. Based on the physical phenomenon,
* Primary
* Secondary
2. Based on the power type Classification,
* Active
* Passive
3. Based on the type of output
* Analog
* Digital
4. Based on the electrical phenomenon
* Resistive
* Capacitive
* Inductive
* Photoelectric
* Photovoltaic
5. Based on the non-electrical phenomenon
* Linear displacement
* Rotary displacement
6. Based on the transduction phenomenon,
* Transducer
* Inverse transducer.
Factor to be considered:
• It should have high input impedance and low output impedance, to avoid loading effect.
• It should have good resolution over is entire selected range.
• It must be highly sensitive to desired signal and insensitive to unwanted signal.
• Preferably small in size.
• It should be able to work n corrosive environment.
• It should be able to withstand pressure, shocks, vibrations etc..
• It must have high degree of accuracy and repeatability.
• Selected transducer must be free from errors.
Requirements of a good transducers
• Smaller in size and weight.
• High sensitivity.
• Ability to withstand environmental conditions.
• Low cost.
About the Author
To know more about transducers and similar components visit my site Instrumentation Engineering and learn about Classification of Transducers
Physics, Circuits Containing Resistance, Capacitance, and Inductance?
A light bulb has a resistance of 230 . It is connected to a standard wall socket (120 V rms, 60.0 Hz).
(a) Determine the rms current in the bulb.
(b) Determine the rms current in the bulb after a 13.0 µF capacitor is added in series in the circuit.
(c) It is possible to return the current in the bulb to the value calculated in part (a) by adding an inductor in series with the bulb and the capacitor. What is the value of the inductance of this inductor?
Resistance changes with temperature.
(a) Provided that the stated resistance is that of the hot bulb, the rms current will be 120 Volts/230 Ohms = 0.5217 Amps.
(b) Next let's calculate the Impedance of the Capacitor at 60 Hz : Xc=1/(2*Pi*f*C) (notice that Xc=1/2PifC): = 1/[6.2832*(60 Hz)*(13*10^-6)] = ~204 Ohms.
230 in series with 204 = 434 Ohms
120 Volts/434Ohms = 0.276 Amps
(c) To counteract the presence of the capacitor we will connect an inductor in series. It's impedance would have to be the same as that of the capacitor: Xl=2*Pi*f*L (notice that Xl=2PifL), Xl=204, let's calculate L:
L=Xl/(2*Pi*f) = 204/(6.2832*60) = 0.54113 Henries
I hope I didn't make a mistake in the calculations.
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